Raw milk may prevent allergy and asthma, but is it safe?
Traditionally drunk by farming communities, raw milk is gaining in popularity.
Raw milk has been
linked to lower rates of allergy and asthma. That being said, it can also
harbor deadly bacteria.
The Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) warn against consuming raw milk because it can contain bacteria that
have the potential to cause serious illness and death.
Pasteurization, which
is the process of heating milk to kill bacteria, is the only way to
ensure that milk is safe to drink. Yet scientific studies link raw milk consumption - especially in early life - to
lower levels of allergy and asthma.
Is this evidence
convincing enough to risk drinking potentially unsafe raw milk?
Raw milk during
childhood
Georg Loss, from the
University of Basel in Switzerland, and his colleagues from across Europe
conducted a study in European children aged between 6
and 12. They showed that allergy and asthma rates are lower in those who drank
only raw milk.
Children who drank
some raw and some regular milk had lower allergy rates, but only if they were
exposed to raw milk before the age of 1 or if they drank it daily. Asthma
rates were not lower in these children.
Importantly, when raw
milk was boiled at home - to kill bacteria - it completely canceled out these
effects.
Unsurprisingly, the
researchers found much higher levels of bacteria in raw milk consumed by
the children in this study. However, it was not possible to determine
whether or not these bacteria were the factors that provided the protection.
Allergies in adults
A recent study by researchers from the National Institutes of Health
(NIH) shows that the risk of having allergies later in life was reduced in
adults in the United States who grew up in a farming environment, therefore
drinking mostly raw milk.
The same was not true
for asthma.
In this particular
study, it is difficult to look at the effect of raw milk consumption in
isolation, because the study specifically looked at individuals who grew up in
a farming environment.
Therefore, raw milk
may not have been the only factor that contributed to the reduced rates of
allergy in this study population.
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